Business Mathematics Syllabus For B.Com. (Hons.) IIIrd Semester of Ranchi University & Nilamber Pitamber University

Unit I Matrices and Determinants : Overview of Matrices; Definition and types; Algebra of matrices; Applications of matrix operations to simple business and economic problems; Calculation of values of determinants up to third order; Finding inverse of a matrix through determinant method; Solution of system of linear equations upto three variables. Leontief Input output Model (Open Model only).
Unit II Permutation and Combination : Basic concept of permutation and combination and simple problems
based on permutation and combination.
Unit III Basic Mathematics of Finance : Basic Mathematics of Finance : Simple and Compound interest
(including continuous compounding); Rates of interest-nominal and effective and their inter-relationships; Compounding and discounting of a sum using different types of rates, annuities, discount-Banker’s discount, Trade discount.

Unit IV Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude : Types of reasoning, Number series, Letter series, Codes and
Relationships, Mathematical Aptitude (Fraction, Time & Distance, Ratio, Proportion and Percentage, Profit and Loss, Averages).

Unit V Differentiation and Integration : Concept and rules of differentiation; applications of differentitation :
elasticity of demand and supply, Maxima and Minima of functions relating to cost, revenue and profit. Concept and basic rules of integration of a function. Application in Business and commerce.

Unit VI Linear Programming Problem : LPP : Objective Functions, Constraints, Mathematical Formulation of
LPP, Graphical Solution to LPP, Feasible and Infeasible Regions/ Solution, Optimal Feasible Solution.

Business Mathematics Contents : 

1. Matrix
2. Matrix Inverse And Simultaneous Equations
3. Determinants
4. Arithmetic Progression
5. Geometric Progression
6. Harmonic Progression
7. Permutation And Combination
8. Ratio
9. Proportion
10. Simple Interest
11. Compound Interest
12. Annuities
13. Trade Discount And Banker’s Discount
14. Differentiation
15. Integration Of A Function
16. Application Of Integration In Business And Commerce
17. Linear Programming Problem
18. Mathematical Reasoning And Aptitude
19. Applications Of Differentiation
    ● Logarithms, Antilogarithms Tables

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राजनीति विज्ञान (Political Science) Syllabus B.A. (Hons) IInd Semester (Major Course) of Ranchi University & Nilamber Pitamber University

I . Major Course- INDIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT

Unit-I 1. Manu : Manusmriti—Theory of Kinship, Principles of Jurisprudence. 2. Kautilya : Saptang and Mandal Theory.
Unit-II 1. Mahatama Gandhi : Ahinsa, Satya and Satyagraha, Gram Swara. 2. B.R. Ambedkar : Social Democracy and Political and Social Ideas.
Unit-III 1. Lohia : 4 pillars of Democracy and Decentralization. 2 J.P. Narayan : Total Revolution and Party Less Democracy.
Unit-IV 1. Deen Dayal Upadhayaya : Integral Humanism and V.D. Savarkar :Hindutva and Social Reforms.

II . Major Course- INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Unit-I 1. Indian National Movement : The Liberal Phase. 2. Indian National Movement : The Extremist and Revolutionary Phase.
Unit-II 1. The Gandhian Phase : Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement and Quit India Movement.
Unit-III 1. Morley-Minto Reform Act of 1909 and Montague Chelmsford Act of 1919. 2. Simon Commission and Government of India Act of 1935 : Main Provisions. 3. Indian Independence Act of 1947 : Main Provisions.

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वित्तीय लेखांकन एवं कम्प्यूटरीकृत लेखांकन (Financial Accounting Including Computerised Accounting) Syllabus For B.Com. Ist Semester of Ranchi University

Unit I : (a) Theoretical Framework
1 Accounting as an information system, the users of financial accounting information and their needs.
Qualitative characteristics of accounting information. Functions, advantages and limitations of accounting. Branches of accounting. Bases of accounting: cash basis and accrual basis.
2 Financial accounting principles : Concepts and Conversations.
3 Accounting standards : Concept, benefits and Process of formulation of Accounting Standards including Ind AS (IFRS converged standards) and IFRSs; convergence Vs. adoption; Application of accounting standards (AS and Ind AS) on various entities in India. International Financial Accounting Standards (IFRS)– meaning, need and scope; Process of issuing IFRS.
Unit I : (b) Accounting Process
1 From recording of a business transaction to preparation of trial balance including adjustments.Application of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in recording financial transactions and preparing financial statements.
Unit 2 : Computerized Accounting Systems
1 Computerized Accounting Systems : Computerized Accounts by using any popular accounting software Creating a Company; Configure and Features settings;
2 Creating Accounting Ledgers and Groups; Creating Stock Items and Groups; Vouchers Entry;
3 Generating Reports-Cash Book, Ledger Accounts, Trial Balance, Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet;
4 Cash Flow Statement
5 Selecting and shutting a Company; Backup, and Restore data of a Company.
Unit 3 : Business Income, Accounting for Depreciation and Inventory Valuation System
1 Business income : Concept of Revenue and Business Income, Measurement of business income; relevance of accounting period, continuity doctrine and matching concept in the measurement of business income; Objectives of measurement of Business income.
2 Revenue recognition : Recognition of expenses and income. Recognition of expenses and income with
a reference to AS 9 and Ind AS 18.
3 The nature of Depreciation. Accounting concept of depreciation. Factors in the measurement of depreciation. Methods of computing depreciation : straight-line method and diminishing balance method; Disposal of depreciable assets; change in method of Depreciation and its impact of on measurement of business income.
3.4 Inventories : Meaning. Significance of inventory valuation. Inventory Record Systems : periodic and perpetual. Methods of computing depreciation: FIFO, LIFO and Weighted Average. Application of Accounting Standard in valuation of Inventory. Impact of inventory valuation on measurement of business income.
Unit 4 : Financial statements of Sole Proprietorship and Partnership Firms and Non-for-Profit Making Concern
1 Capital and revenue expenditures and receipts: general introduction only.
2 Preparation of financial statements of non-corporate business entities-Sole Proprietorship and Partnership firms (both manual and using appropriate software).
3. Preparation of financial statements of Not-for-Profit Organisations.
Unit 5 : Accounting for Branch
1 Concept of Dependent branches; Branch Accounting – debtors system, stock and debtors’ system,
branch final account system and wholesale basis system.
2 Independent branches : concept, accounting treatment with necessary adjustment entries; Incorporation of Branch Trial Balance in Head Office Books for home branches.
Unit 6 : Accounting for Hire Purchase, Instalment Payment System and Royalty
1 Overview of hire purchases and instalment payment system. Difference between Hire-purchase system and Instalment payment system, journal entry and accounting treatment in case of hire purchases and instalment payment system (In the Books of Both Parties).
2 Royalty Accounting.

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राजनीतिक सिद्धान्त (Political Theory) Syllabus For B.A IInd Semester of Vinoba Bhave University

1. Nature and Significance of Political Theory.
2. Classical Tradition—Meaning, Characteristics, Importance and Limitations.
3. Modern Tradition—Meaning, Characteristics, Importance and Limitations.
4. Behaviouralism and Post Behaviouralism.
5. Origin and Development of State System.
6. Sovereignty—Monism and Pluralism.
7. Justice and Equality.
8. Rights and Liberty.

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भारतीय अर्थशास्त्र और नीतियां (Indian Economics and Policies) Syllabus For B.A. IInd Semester (Major Course) of Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag

Group A will contain very short answer type of five questions (Not MCQ) in which all questions are to be answered.
Group B (Question 2) will be short answer type, three questions of five marks each out of which any three questions to be answered.
Group C will contain descriptive type (Long answer type) five questions of fifteen marks each, out of which any three questions to be answered.
Unit 1 : Structure of Indian Economy 
1.1 : Basic Features of Indian Economy.
1.2 : Natural Resources : Land, Water and Forest Resources.
1.3 : Broad Demographic Features : Characteristics of Indian Population, Population Growth and Indian Economy.
1.4 : Migration : Rural-Urban Migration, Occupational Distribution of Migrant Labour.
1.5 : Problem of Over-Population; Population Policy in India.
Unit 2 : Problems and Planning in India 
2.1 : Poverty and Inequality in India, Problem of Rising Prices
2.2 : Problem of Unemployment, Rural Unemployment and MGNREGA.
2.3 : Objectives, Strategy, Achievements and Failures of Planning in India;
2.4 : Analysis of Current Five Year plan, NITI Ayog.
2.5 : New Economic Reforms : Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization and its progress.
Unit 3 : Agriculture and Industry
3.1 : Nature and Importance of Agriculture in India : Factors Affecting Agriculture
Productivity, Agricultural Marketing.
3.2 : Land Reforms, Green Revolution, Agricultural Reforms after 1991.
3.3 : Rural Credit Micro Finance and Role of SHGs.
3.4 : Industrial Policies of 1956 and 1991, Large Scale Industries : (Sugar, Iron and
Steel, Jute and Cotton Textile Industries).
3.5 : Cottage and Small Scale Industries, Growth, Importance and Problems of Cottage
Industries in India; MSME.
Unit 4 : External Sector 
4.1 : FDI and Role of Foreign Trade in India.
4.2 : Trade Policy of the Government of India, Foreign Trade Policy (2009-2014)
4.3 : Foreign Capital and Aid.
4.4 : India’s Exchange Rate Policy, Foreign Exchange Reserves and Capital Account
Convertibility.
4.5 : Multinational Corporations (MNCs), FERA and FEMA.
UNIT 5 : Economy of Jharkhand 
5.1 : Characteristics of Jharkhand Economy.
5.2 : Agriculture Sector in Jharkhand, Growth, Importance & Role of Horticulture, Fishry
in Jharkhand
5.3 : Major Minerals in Jharkhand (Coal, Iron, Bauxite, Mica)
5.4 : Large Scale Industries in Jharkhand (TISCO, BSL, HINDALCO).
5.5 : Cottage Industries in Jharkhand, JHARCRAFT, KVIC&KVIB

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SYLLABUS
THIRD SEMESTER
MAJOR-4 MEDIEVAL INDIAN HISTORY (MUGHAL PERIOD)

Course Content :

1. Babar : Conquest and Empire builder
2. Humayun : Early difficulties and failure
3. Shershah : Early Life, Conquest and Administration
4. Policy
5. Decline and disintegration of the Mughal Empire

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आईडिया ऑफ़ भारत (Idea of Bharat) Syllabus For B.A. (Hons.) Ist Semester of Ranchi University, Kolhan University, & Nilamber Pitamber University

• Unit I : Concept of Bharatvarsha (1) Understanding of Bharatvarsha, (2) Eternity of synonyms Bharat, (3) Indian concept of time and space, (4) The glory of Indian Literature: Vedas, Vedanga, Upanishads, Epics, Jain and Buddhist Literature, Smriti, and Puranas etc.
• Unit II : Indian Knowledge Tradition, Art and Culture (1) Evolution of language and Script, Brahmi, Kharoshthti; Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit and Tamil, (2) Salient features of Indian Art and Culture, (3) Indian educational system, (4) The Ethics of Indian Valour.
• Unit III : Dharma, Philosophy and Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (1) Indian Perception of Dharma, (2) The concept of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam : Man, Family, Society and world, (3) Polity and governance, (4) Janpada Gram Swarajya.
• Unit IV : Science, Environment and Medical Science (1) Science and Technology in Ancient India, (2) Ancient system of Environmental Management, (3) Traditional system of medicine in ancient India-Yoga and Naturopathy, (4) Indian Numeral System and Mathematics.
• Unit V : Indian Economic Traditions (1) Concept of land, Forest and Agriculture., (2) Industry, inland trade Commerce, (3) Maritime Trade.

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प्रारम्भिक समष्टि अर्थशास्त्र (Introductory Macro Economics) Syllabus For B.A. (Hons.) IInd Semester of Ranchi University & Nilamber-Pitamber University

Unit-I : Introduction to Macroeconomics
1. Macroeconomics, Meaning and Scope;
2. Concept and Measurement of GDP, GNP, NDP and NNP at market price and factor cost;
3. Methods of measuring National Income (Product Method, Expenditure, Income Method);
4. Circular Flow of Income in a Two Sector, Three Sector and Four Sector Model; Real and Nominal GDP.

Unit-II : Money
1. Functions of money.
2. Determinants of Demand for Money and Supply of Money.
3. Quantity Theory of Money-Cash Transaction and Cash Balance Approach; Keynesian
4. Theory of Money and Prices.
Unit-III : Inflation
1. Definition and types of inflation.
2. Demand Pull and Cost Push Inflation.
3. Measures to control inflation-Fiscal and Monetary policy;
4. Phillips Curve.
Unit-IV : Banking
1. Objectives, Functions of Central Bank;
2. Methods of Credit Control-Quantitative and Qualitative methods;
3. Monetary Policy-Objectives and Instruments.
Unit-V : Theories of Employment and Income
1. Classical theory of Employment; Keynesian theory of Effective Demand.
2. Consumption Function, Saving Function-MPC and MPS; Factor affecting Consumption Function; Investment Function-Autonomous and Induced Investment.
3. Marginal Efficiency of Capital (MEC) and Factors affecting MEC;
4. Keynesian Multiplier.
Unit-VI : Trade Cycle
1. Meaning, Phases of trade cycle;
2. Hawtrey’s theory of trade cycle.
3. Monetary measures to control trade cycle.
4. Fiscal measures to control trade cycle.

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वित्तीय लेखांकन एवं कम्प्यूटरीकृत लेखांकन (Financial Accounting and Computerised Accounting) Syllabus For B.Com. IInd Semester of Kolhan University, Jamshedpur Women’s University & B.Com. Ist Semester of Govt. J. Yoganandam Chhattisgarh College Raipur, Govt. Dudhadhari Bajrang Girls Postgraduate College Raipur, Govt. Vishwanath Yadav Tamaskar Post Graduate Autonomous College Durg, Govt. Bilasa Girls P.G.Autonomous College Bilaspur

Unit 1 : Theoretical Framework
1.1 Accounting as an information system, the users of financial accounting information and their needs. Qualitative characteristics of accounting information. Functions, advantages and limitations of accounting. Branches of accounting. Bases of accounting: cash basis and accrual basis.
1.2 Financial accounting principles : Meaning and need; Generally Accepted Accounting Principles: entity, money measurement, going concern, cost, revenue recognition, realization, accruals, periodicity, consistency, prudence (conservatism), materiality and full disclosure.
1.3 Accounting standards: Concept, benefits and Process of formulation of Accounting Standards including Ind AS (IFRS converged standards) and IFRSs; convergence Vs. adoption; Application of accounting standards (AS and Ind AS) on various entities in India. International Financial Accounting Standards (IFRS)– meaning, need and scope; Process of issuing IFRS.
1.4 Accounting Process from recording of a business transaction to preparation of trial balance including adjustments. Application of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in recording financial transactions and preparing financial statements.
Unit 2: Computerized Accounting Systems
2.1 Computerized Accounting Systems: Computerized Accounts by using any popular accounting software
Creating a Company; Configure and Features settings;
2.2 Creating Accounting Ledgers and Groups; Creating Stock Items and Groups; Vouchers Entry;
2.3 Generating Reports : Cash Book, Ledger Accounts, Trial Balance, Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet; Cash Flow Statement.
2.4 Selecting and shutting a Company; Backup and Restore data of a Company.
Unit 3 : Business Income, Accounting for Hire Purchase and Instalment Systems
3.1 Business income: Concept of Revenue and Business Income, Measurement of business income;
relevance of accounting period, continuity doctrine and matching concept in the measurement of business income; Objectives of measurement of Business income.
3.2 Revenue recognition: Recognition of expenses and income. Recognition of expenses and income with
a reference to AS 9 and Ind AS 18.
3.3 Meaning, features, advantages and disadvantages of Hire Purchase and Instalment Systems.
3.4 Accounting for hire purchase and instalment transactions including transactions of high value and small value, default and repossession (manually and using appropriate accounting software).
Unit 4: Financial statements of Sole Proprietorship and Partnership Firms
4.1 Capital and revenue expenditures and receipts: general introduction only.
4.2 Praeparation of financial statements of non-corporate business entities-Sole Proprietorship and
Partnership firms (both manual and using appropriate software).
Unit 5: Accounting for Branch and Not-for-Profit Organisations
5.1 Accounting for Branch : Concept of Dependend branches; Branch Accounting – debtors system, stock and debtors’ system, branch final account system and wholesale basis system. Independent branches : concept, accounting treatment with necessary adjustment entries; Incorporation of Branch Trial Balance in Head Office Books for home branches.
5.2 Accounting of Not-for-Profit Organisation : Meaning of Not-for-Profit Organisation , Significance of Receipt and Payment Account, Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet; Difference between Profit and Loss Account and Income and Expenditure Account; Preparation of Receipt and Payment Account, Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet.

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Unit-1 Comparative Politics : Meaning, Nature and Scope. Difference between Comparative Politics and Comparative Government.
Unit-2 Salient Features of the Constitution (Britain, USA, France, Switzerland and China).
Unit-3 Approaches of the a Study of Comparative Politics : System Theory and Structural Functional Approach.
Unit-4 Federal and Unitary Systems, Parliamentary and Presidential System.
Unit-5 Constitutional Structures — Executive.
Unit-6 Constitutional Structures — Legislature.
Unit-7 Constitutional Structures — Judiciary.
Unit-8 Procedure of Constitutional Amendments.

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