Unique Features of the Book

• The illustrations and exercises with Ans. have been selected from Examination Papers of last 33 years (1990 to 2023) of various Universities of Chhattisgarh.
• In the new syllabus, a new topic on Vedic Mathematics has been included and in the book this new topic has been bifurcated in three chapters and dealt in easy language and lucid style with numerical questions so that the students may understand this new topic esily.
• In the chapter ‘Preparation of Invoice’

Business Mathematics Syllabus For B.Com. 1st Year of Various Universities of Chhattisgarh

To enable the students to have such minimum knowledge of mathematics as is applicable to business and economic situations.

• Unit 1 : Average : Meaning, characteristics, uses, merits & demerits and limitations Simple and combined average, change in term value, speed average, weighted average, algebraic problems. Calculation of average in case of large number of terms.
  Ratio : Meaning and characteristics, comparison of ratios, division of ratios, calculation of real numbers on basis of ratios, adding or subtracting the same number in terms of ratio, practical use of ratio in business and consolidation.
  Proportion : Meaning, Characteristics, Difference in ratio and proportion, Problems related to Continuous Proportion, Indices Proportion, Mix ratio.
  Percentage : Meaning and utility, rules related to percentage, number, election, examination, income expenditure, consumption, mixture, problems related to population.
• Unit 2 : Commission and Brokerage : Meaning, types of business agency, cash and redemption transactions, commission before and after bonus benefits, problems related to the word prior/due amount.
  Discount : Meaning and types, problems related to trading discount, cash discount, sequential discount and equivalent discount rate.
  Profit and Loss : Cost or purchase price, selling price, profit, loss, gross profit, concept of gross profit, percentage profit loss, purchase and sale price, more than one buyer and seller, dishonesty, adulteration, discount, commission related problems.
• Unit 3 : Matrices : Meaning and definitions, types of matrix, Algebra of matrix, transposed matrix.
  Determinants : Meaning and definitions, minor, co-factor, calculation of values of determinants up to third order, Laplace’s method, Sarru’s method
  Preparation of Invoice : Meaning, Contents, Advantages and types of Invoice, Methods of preparing Invoice.
• Unit 4 : Logarithms and Antilogarithms : Meaning, properties, fundamental laws and types, practical use of logarithm and antilogarithm table.
  Simple and Compound interest : Principal, amount, concept of real and nominal rate of interest, difference between simple interest and compound interest, practical problems related to interest, time rate, principal and amount. Calculation of interest by third, tenth and tenth rule and common multiplier method
• Unit 5 Vedic Mathematics : Brief history of Vedic mathematics in Indian knowledge tradition, methods and practice of quick calculation of addition, multiplication, division, square and square root of numbers through Vedic mathematics, method of quick verification of answers from Digit Sum. Simultaneous equations : Meaning, characteristics, methods of solving equations in two variables : Graphical, Substitution, Elimination and Cross mutliplication.

Business Mathematics Contents :

1. Average, Simple And Combined Average
2. Ratio
3. Proportion
4. Percentage
5. Discount, Commission And Brokerage
6. Profit And Loss
7. Matrices
8. Determinants
9. Preparation Of Invoice
10. Logarithms And Antilogarithms
11. Simple Interest
12. Compound Interest
13. Problems Related With Instalments Based On Simple Interest And Compound Interest
14. Brief History Of Vedic Mathematics (In Indian Knowledge Tradition)
15. Addition, Multiplication, Division, Square And Square Root Of Numbers Through Vedic Mathematics (Methods And Practice Of Quick Calculation)
16. Method Of Quick Verification Of Answers From Digit Sum
17. Simultaneous Equations

• Logarithms Tables
• Antilogarithms Tables

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व्यावसायिक गणित Business Mathematics Syllabus For B.Com. Ist Year of Various Universities of Madhya Pradesh

• Unit-1 Brief history of Vedic mathematics in Indian knowledge tradition, methods and practice of quick calculation of addition, multiplication, division, square and square root of numbers through Vedic mathematics, method of quick verification of answers from Digit Sum.
• Unit-2 Rules for sign in Algebra and practice, Rules for calculation (BODMAS) and practice, Simultaneous Equations-Meaning,
• Unit-3 Characteristic, types, calculations (with word problems).
• Unit-4 Theory of indices (preliminary knowledge only, formulae), Logarithms and Antilogarithms-principles and calculations,
  Percentage
• Unit-5 Ratio, Proportion, Discount, Brokerage
• Unit-6 Simple interest, Compound interest

व्यावसायिक गणित विषय-सूची

1. अनुपात
2. त्याग अनुपात एवं लाभ-प्राप्ति अनुपात
3. समानुपात
4. प्रतिशतता
5. कमीशन एवं दलाली
6. बट्टा
7. युगपत समीकरण
8. बाजिक का निर्माण
9. प्रारम्भिक आव्यूह
10. लघुगणक एवं प्रतिलघुगणक
11. साधारण ब्याज
12. चक्रवृद्धि ब्याज
13. माध्य
14. लाभ एवं हानि
15. वैदिक गणित का संक्षिप्त इतिहास (भारतीय ज्ञान परम्परा में)
16. वैदिक गणित द्वारा संख्याओं का योग, गुणा, भाग, वर्ग और वर्गमूल (त्वरित गणना की विधियां और अभ्यास)
17. अंकों के योग से उत्तरों की त्वरित सत्यापन की विधि
18. गणना के नियम (BODMAS) और अभ्यास
19. घातांक के सिद्धान्त

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Business Mathematics for B.Com. First Year As per new revised (year-wise) syllabus of Various Universities of Madhya Pradesh.

B.Com. Ist Year
BUSINESS MATHEMATICS

Unit-1 Brief history of Vedic mathematics in Indian knowledge tradition, methods and practice of quick calculation of addition, multiplication, division, square and square root of numbers through Vedic mathematics, method of quick verification of answers from Digit Sum.
Unit-2 Rules for sign in Algebra and practice, Rules for calculation (BODMAS) and practice, Simultaneous Equations-Meaning,
Characteristic, types, calculations (with word problems)
Unit-3 Theory of indices (preliminary knowledge only, formulae), Logarithms and Antilogarithms-principles and calculations,
Percentage
Unit-4 Ratio, Proportion, Discount, Brokerage
Unit-5 Commission, Average, profit and loss
Unit-6 Simple interest, Compound interest

B.B.A. Ist Year
BUSINESS MATHEMATICS

Unit-1 Ratio—Gaining and Sacrificing Ratio, Proportion, Percentage, Averages—Simple and Weighted Averages.
Unit-2 Simultaneous Equations—Meaning, Characteristics Types and Calculations, Preparation of Invoice.
Unit-3 Determinants and Matrices, Matrix-Definition. Types, Basic Operations on Matrices, Transpose of Matrix. Determinants- Minors and Co factor. Adjoint and Inverse of Matrix.
Unit-4 Practical approach and application of Vedic Maths. Logarithms and Antilogarithms —Principles and Calculations. Simple and Compound Interest.
Unit-5 Commission, Discount, Brokerage and Profit and Loss

Business Mathematics Contents :

1. Brief History Of Vedic Mathematics (In Indian Knowledge Tradition)
2. Addition, Multiplication, Division, Square And Square Root Of Numbers Through Vedic Mathematics
   (Methods And Practice Of Quick Calculation)
3. Method Of Quick Verification Of Answers From Digit Sum
4. Rules For Sign In Algebra And Practice
5. Rules For Calculation (Bodmas) And Practice
6. Simultaneous Equations
7. Theory Of Indices
8. Logarithms And Antilogarithms
9. Ratio
10. Proportion
11. Discount
12. Commission And Brokerage
13. Averages
14. Profit And Loss
15. Simple Interest
16. Compound Interest
17. Sacrificing Ratio And Gaining Ratio
18. Percentage
19. Preparation Of Invoice
20. Elementary Matrices
21. Determinants–Minors And Co-Factor
22. Adjoint And Inverse Of Matrix
    ● Logarithms, Antilogarithms Tables

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The book is primarily intended for the students of B.B.A.Semester I. Every possible care has been taken to remove errors of print or principle. Still, we stand apologetic for the errors, if any, having crept in the book unnoticed. The illustrations and exercises have been selected from the various Universities Examinations and other Professional Examinations and have been given topic -wise graded from easy to difficult.

BBA Semester-I Business Mathematics Syllabus for B.B.A. Sem I of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra

Unit I: Percentage Ratio and Proportion, discount, Profit & Loss, simple interest, compound interest, annuity. Set Theory;
Definition, types of sets, Venn Diagram, equality of sets, operations on sets, the Cartesian product of sets, Functions & Relations: Relations, properties of Binary relations on a set, Equivalence Relations Business application of sets and functions.
Unit II: Matrices and Determinants: Matrices, types of Matrices, addition and multiplication of matrices, multiplication by a scalar, determinants-minor, and cofactors, properties of determinants, the product of two determinants, an inverse of a matrix, application of matrices.
Unit III: Algebra: Arithmetical, Geometric and Harmonic progressions, Exponential and Logarithmic series, Binomial theorem,
permutation and Combinations.
Unit IV: Differentiation and integration, maxima and minima, application of differentiation and integration in business.

Business Mathematics Book Contents

1. Matrix
2. Inverse of Matrix
3. Rank of Matrix
4. Solutions to a System of (Linear) Equations [Using Matrix]
5. Percentage
6. Ratio and Proportion
7. Averages
8. Arithmetic Progression
9. Geometric Progression
10. Harmonic Progression
11. Simple Interest
12. Compound Interest
13. Set Theory
14. Permutation and Combination
15. Concept of Differentiation
16. Maxima and Minima
17. Applications of Differentiation In Business
18. Concept of Integration
19. Definite Integral
20. Applications of Integration In Business
21. Discount
22. Profit and Loss
23. Annuities
24. Determinant
25. Logarithmic Series
26. Binomial Theorem

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Small illustrations have been incorporated in each chapter to explain the concepts dealt with in the chapter. Numerical Questions set in 2019 Examination Question Papers of various universities of Madhya Pradesh have been incorporated in the book.

Another helpful feature is the addition of Long Answer Type Questions, Short Answer Type Questions, Objective Type Questions, and Numerical Problems with Answers at the end of each chapter which will help the students in preparing for the examination.

Business Mathematics Syllabus For B.Com. (Hons.) I Year of Awadhesh Pratap Singh University Rewa (APSU), Barkatullah University Bhopal, Rani Durgavati Vishwavidyalaya Jabalpur (RDVV), Vikram University Ujjain, Dr Harisingh Gour University Sagar (DHGU)

Unit – 1 Average, Ratio and Proportion, Percentage

Unit – 2 Profit and Loss, Simple Interest, Compound Interest

Unit – 3 Annuities, True Discount, Banker’s Discount

Unit – 4 Basic Concepts of Set Theory: Definition, Types, Operations on Sets, Venn Diagram. Simultaneous Equations: Meaning, Characteristics, Types, and Calculations

Unit – 5 Quadratic Equation in one variable inequality, linear programming (Two variable)

Business Mathematics Book Contents

1. Average
2. Ratio
3. Proportion
4. Percentage
5. Profit and Loss
6. Simple Interest
7. Compound Interest
8. Annuities
9. True Discount and Banker’s Discount
10. Basic Concepts of Set Theory
11. Simultaneous Equations
12. Quadratic Equation (in One Variable Inequality)
13. Linear Programming (Two-Variable)

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