भूगोल (Geography)

प्रस्तुत पुस्तक की रचना कोटा विश्वविद्यालय, कोटा के बी.ए. (भूगोल) सेमेस्टर Ist हेतु निर्धारित नवीन पाठ्यक्रम (शैक्षणिक सत्र 2023-24 से प्रभावी) को पूर्णतया दृष्टि में रखते हुए की गई है |

भूगोल (Geography) Syllabus For B.A. Ist Semester of Kota University

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY-1

• Unit I : The nature and scope of Geomorphology. Theories of Origin of Earth—Kant, Laplace, James, Jeans and Big Bang. Geological history of Earth with special reference to India. Interior of Earth, magnetic field of Earth.
• Unit II : Orogenesis—Major phases of orogency, Types of mountains and theories of mountain building—Kober, Holmes and Plate tectonics. Isostacy : concept and views of Airy and Pratt. Earth movements and related landforms.
• Unit III : Origin of continents and Oceans—Theories of Lowthian green, Taylor and Continental drift theory of Wegner. Paleo-magnetism, Sea floor spreading and Plate Tectonics.
• Unit IV : Rocks—Origin and types, weathering—types, Mass wasting, Erosion and concepts of erosional cycle—Davis and penck.
• Unit V : Erosional and depositional works of following and study of landforms formed— River, Wind, Glacier, Underground Water and sea waves.

PRACTICAL-1 : SCALES AND RELIEF REPRESENTATION

• Unit I : Scales—Definitions, importance of scales, selection of scales, methods of representations of scales—Statement method, representative fraction and Graphical method, Conversion of scales.
• Unit II : Graphical Scales—Characteristics and types. Plain scale, Comparative scale. Characteristics, merits and demerits of plain scale and comparative scales.
• Unit III : Diagonal Scale, Vernier scale—Least count, types of vernier scales, Characteristics, merits and demerits of Diagonal and Vernier scales.
• Unit IV : Representation of relief—Introduction and importance and methods of relief representation. Qualitative or pictorial methods—Hachure, Hill shading method, Trachographic method, Morphographic method—their characteristics, merits and demerits. Quantitative or mathematical methods of relief representation—Spot height, Benchmark, Trigonometric stations, form lines and contour lines (principles of contouring, interpolation and methods of contour represenation). Composite methods of relief represenation. Their merits and demerits.
• Unit V : Drawing of profiles—Serial, Superimposed, projected and composite profiles. Representation of relief by contours—conical hill, concave slope, convex slope, escarpment, cliff, ridge, gorge U-Shaped valley, V-shaped valley, Plateau, waterfall, Ox bow lake, Ria coast, Fiord coast.